| Tensile testing involves
making a test specimen. The specimen is
then gripped at the ends by suitable apparatus
in a tensile testing machine and an axial
force exerted slowly until the specimen
fails:
A graph of extension versus load is usually
produced to better show the yield point,
the ultimate strength and the stress at
fracture.
The shape of the specimen is critical because
the gripping forces can apply forces that
can make the specimen fail prematurely.
The specimen should be made according to
the appropriate standard, for that type
of material eg. ASTM E8 or D638.
See also Measurement
Methods.
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